Chia seeds are considered one of the oldest and highly nutritious plant products on earth. From time immemorial, it is grown and consumed in the South American continent mainly by the Aztecs and Mayans in Mexico and Guatemala. Today it is consumed all over the world in different forms either cooked, raw or added in sprinkles in juices, salads, smoothies or in any other form providing huge benefits to the overall health of humans.
What are chia seeds?
Chia seeds are seeds obtained from the minty plant, Salvia hispanica, they are tiny in nature but loaded with lots of nutrients(1)such as the B-vitamins, calcium, iron, fiber, zinc, phosphorous, manganese, magnesium, omega-3 fatty acids,proteins, andmany others at very substantial amounts to effects changes in a body system when consumed regularly.
The benefits of these seeds have been made evident from ancient times hence the spread of its popularity. The nutritional, as well as the health benefits of these seeds like most natural products, are traced to its composition. The following are some of these benefits which have been proven by scientific research findings:
Chia seeds aid digestion
Due to its high fiber content, chia seeds have been proven to enhance digestive health
(2).It is stomach friendly and regularizes the bowels making stooling quite easy.
According to studies, it is noted to absorb lots of water forming a gel due to the presence of high soluble fiber(3), this enables it to function as a prebiotic encouraging the growth of probiotics in the intestines.
Reduces the risk of cancer
Chia contains lots of antioxidants which are very effective in minimizing the effects of damages caused by free radicals which could trigger the malignant growth of cells (4)(5). Furthermore, the ability of the seeds to mitigate the growth of cancer cells in the breast and cervix have been demonstrated in a study(6). This anti-cancer activity has been linked to the high concentration of omega-3 fatty acids as well as Alpha Lipoic Acid (ALA). Based on these findings chia seeds are just ideal for women who are predisposed to any type of cancer as the component of chia seeds could distinguish between normal cells and cancer cells and effectively limit the growth of cancer cells in the affected areas.
Prevent diseases associated with the bones and teeth
Individuals who consume chia seeds are less likely to have issues with their joints, bones as well as teeth. Studies (7) (8)have shown that just an ounce of chia seeds contains lots of nutrients such as calcium, zinc, phosphorous, vitamin A, boron which reduces maintains the strength of the bones and teeth and minimizes the chances of suffering from bone diseases like osteoporosis (9) and a host of others at concentration very close to the Recommended Daily intake. Due to the presence of zinc, boron and also phosphorous, chia seeds are also effective against the formation of dental caries, dental plaque as well as the formation of bad breath. (10)(11)
Enhances cardiovascular health
Chia enhances cardiovascular health due to its anti-inflammatory properties, ability to regulate cholesterol as well as lower the blood pressure (12).These seeds exhibit these properties due to the high concentration of omega-3 fatty acids which is very vital for the assimilation of fat-soluble vitamins by the body. A report from a study carried out involving human and non – human subjects show that apart from reducing the risk of developing atherosclerosis, chia seeds on regular consumption reduces the risk of cardiovascular heart diseases, high blood pressures, angina, hormonal disorders and heart attacks (13). In addition to that, it counters the effects of inflammation on blood vessels.
Effective in the treatment of Type 1 diabetes
This is considered one of the most important benefits of the chia seeds. Proven by research, consumption of chia seeds have been shown to be effective in decreasing the sugar level as well as enhancing the health indicators of diabetic patients (14). Some researchers trace the improvement it brings in diabetic patients to its high fiber content and low carbohydrate content. However, some studies suggest that chia seeds due to the synergistic effects of the presence of alpha-linolenic acid and fiber are effective against the accumulation of fats in the blood and insulin resistance which are basic physiological factors that precede diabetes. This is seen in a rat study (15) in Argentina which showed that chia seed is capable of reversing the high sugar levels in the blood of diabetic patients and also could reduce the adipose tissues in individuals.
Provides lots of energy
Chia seeds have been noted to enhance athletic performance; they could serve as a replacement for sugary energy drinks.This is proven via a research study (16) involving two groups of individuals undergoing a workout session. One group consumed only gatorade while the other group consumed half of gatorade and half a chia drink. It was observed that the latter group were more active yet they consumed less sugar. This shows that chia seeds could boost energy rapidly without spiking blood sugar levels.
Makes weight loss easier
Chia seeds are one of the biggest sources of plant proteins. Based on its composition by weight, protein accounts for about 14% (19). It also contains lots of essential amino acids in very balanced proportions.
Against this backdrop, research has proven that consumption of foods of high protein content decreases unhealthy thoughts of foods and bedtime snacking by 60% and 50% respectively (17). Also, chia seeds contain lots of fiber, they give a filling effect as they easily absorb lots of water even when consumed in small amounts (18). Through this means, water is retained more in the stomach and consumption of high-calorie foods and other unhealthy foods that could lead to obesity is greatly minimized and lots of weight is lost.
Furthermore, chia seeds contain lots of zinc which increase the level of leptin in the body. Leptin is a hormone that regulates appetite as well as energy. It is also responsible for the development and increase of stamina as well as muscular strength of an individual. With chia seeds as a major part of your daily meal, you can be sure to stay fit and healthy always.
References
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/food-science/chia-seed
- http://www.isca.in/rjrs/archive/v5/i8/7.ISCA-RJRS-2016-054.php
- http://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfs/2014/241053/abs/
- https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Erica_Moraes3/publication/265910322_Chemical_characterization_and_antioxidant_potential_of_Chilean_chia_seeds_and_oil_Salvia_hispanica_L/links/59de48beaca27247d7942d97/Chemical-characterization-and-antioxidant-potential-of-Chilean-chia-seeds-and-oil-Salvia-hispanica-L.pdf?origin=publication_detail
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24811150
- http://www.jmolbiochem.com/index.php/JmolBiochem/article/view/52
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1981.tb04171.x
- http://www.posnutricao.ufv.br/wp-content/uploads/2018/03/2017-Chemical-composition-of-Brazilian-chia-seeds-grown-in-different-places.pdf
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320557915_Nutraceutical_benefit_of_chia_seeds_Salvia_hispanica_L
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233949715_The_Promising_Future_of_Chia_Salvia_hispanica_L
- https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3b6e/a0b348b677411f8e87dab31ef1ad2d727546.pdf
- https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/3b6e/a0b348b677411f8e87dab31ef1ad2d727546.pdf
- http://www.aulamedica.es/nh/pdf/9394.pdf
- http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/30/11/2804.long
- http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18492301
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21183832
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20847729
- https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfs/2014/241053/abs/https://www.hindawi.com/journals/ijfs/2014/241053/abs/
- http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jf3034978